BBA 2nd Year Notes Personality Introduction

BBA 2nd Year Notes Personality Introduction :-

An Introduction 

Personality factors are extremely important in organisation setting. personality is one of the major psychological factors affecting the human behaviour. Personality is sum total of an individuals psycho-physical system that determine his or her behaviour in a given environment/situation. Personality takes whole man concept because it affects various psychological processes. it is an organized consistent pattern of perception of the “I”, around which the individual interacts and has experiences. Psychologists have attempted to describe personality in terms of standard traits.

CONCEPT OF PERSONALITY

The term personality has been derived from Latin term “persona” which means “to speak through” the Latin term denotes the mask which actors used to wear in ancient Greek and Rome therefore personality refers to how people influence others through their external appearances. Personality is a set of traits and characteristics, habit patterns and conditioned responses to certain stimuli that formulate the impression and individual makes upon other. Thus personality may come out as warm and friendly, arrogant and aggressive. Personality can be defined as :

According to Fred Luthans, “Personality means how a person affects others and how he understands and views himself as well as pattern of inner and outer measurable traits and the person-situation interaction.”

According to Floyd L Ruch, “Personality includes external appearances and behaviour, inner awareness of self as a permanent organizing force and the particular pattern of organisation of measurable traits, both inner and outer,”

Determinants of Personality

Personality denotes psychological characteristics of a person that influence his behaviour towards goal achievement. it is sum total of ways in which individual interacts with others. it is very important to know various factors that are responsible for modificaiton and development of a given personality. The relationship between supervisors and employees is reflected in their personality. Managers can deal more effectively with subordinates and employees if they understand how individual’s personality develops. personality is composed of several characteristics which are comparatively permanent and influence human behaviour. Personality is influenced by several factors such as family characteristics, learning social influences, psychological features, etc.

These characteristic can be classified into four broad categories :

1. Biological factors
2. familty and social factors.
3. Cultural factors
4. situational factors

Development of Personality 

There are specific psychological and physiological stages that occur in the development of human personality. This stage-approach has been theoretical in nature. Many psychologists have contributed to the stage approach. The prominent among them include freud, Erekson, Alfred, Carl Jung, and Levinson. Among several theories, the more prominent are: type, psychoanalytic, trait, self and social learning theory.

SIXTEEN PRIMARY TRAITS
Main	Opposite
1.       Reserved	Outgoing
2.       Less intelligent	More intelligent
3.       Affected by feelings	Emotionally stable
4.       Submissive	Dominant
5.       Serious	Happy-go-lucky
6.       Expedient	Conscientious
7.       Timid	Venturesome
8.       Tough Minded	Sensitive
9.       Trusting	Suspicious
10.   Practical	Imaginative
11.   Fort right	Shrewd
12.   Self assured	Apprehensive
13.   Conservative	Experimenting
14.   Group Dependent	Self-sufficient
15.   Uncontrolled	Controlled
16.   Relaxed	Tensed

 

Assessment of Personality

You learnt about different theories of personality. These were the psychoanalytic, trait, social-cognitive, humanities and the Indian approach to personality, based on gunas. If we wish to determine aspects of a person’s personality based on a particular theory, there are specific techniques for assessing those. For example, if you wish to know about the dominant traits in a person, e.g., whether he is an extrovert or introvert, there are specific ways developed by pchyologists, to get this information. Similarly, if we wish to know about the unconscious aspects of a person’s personality, we will have to use psychoanalytic ways of assessing the same. In this lesson you will learn about the different ways of personality assessment.

Assessment of Humanistic Perspective

As you have learnt, the humanistic approach to personality focuses on how a person experiences her/his world. Therefore, assessment here is concerned with understanding the perception of a person about his/ her life situation and experience. A number of descriptive sentences, those which describe him/her in an accurate way (e.g., “I am a confident person”, “I am often nervous” , “I am a sincere and hard working student, etc.) Another approach focuses on a persons willingness to express his/her inner nature or self to others. This approach is based on the understanding that the tendency for very his or very low level of self-disclosure are both an indication of emotional immaturity.

Full BBA Notes All Semester 

Montey Parjapati

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