BBA Study Material Nature Features of Management Process
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Features of Management Process
- Continuous Process : Management is a continuous process, i.e., its functions are repeated time and again. It does not stop anywhere. It is not confined to handing and coordination of human resources at a particular point of time. It is an on going process of planning the activities and execution of plans through organising, staffing, directing and controlling.
- Management is an Integrating Process : The essence of management is integration of human and other resources in a manner that it leads to effective performance. It brings together physical and financial resources and leads the human resources for the efficient use of non-humen resources. All these resources are properly organized and divided into various work-units for the purpose of achieving greater coordination. Management acts as the catalytic agent in getting maximum productivity of all the resources.
- Interactive Process : There is a continuous interaction between various functions of management. They are inter-dependent and inter-related. There is no rigid sequence between them. In actual practice, the management has to perform these functions continuously to achieve the objective of the units.
- Social Process : Management handles the various input that belong to the society for meeting the requirements of the society. It is called a social process because management has to deal with various social groups such as shareholders, suppliers, workers, customers etc.
Management is also called a social process because its major task of motivating and leading the human resources for the effective use of physical and financial resources.
- Direction : It is a very broad function concerned with the inter-personal relation. It includes communication with subordinates, providing them leadership and motivating them.
- Controlling : It refers to the comparing of actual performance with the plans or standard. If the result is not favourable then take the necessary steps.
Nature of Management (BBA Management Study Material)
- Management is Purposeful : Management is a goal-oriented activity. For instance management of a business aims to satisfy the customer, to earn profit and to increase the goodwill and the image of the business. There is no need of management, if there are no pre-determined goals or objectives.
The success of management is judged by the extent to which organizational goal are achieved.
- Management is a Process : Management is a process which consists of certain functions like planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. These functions require specialized knowledge and skill for their efficient performance. They are performed continuously by the by the management at all level in the organization.
- Management is a Group Activity : Management is an integral part of any group activity. It involves the use of group efforts in the pursuit of well defined goals or objectives. It can not exist independent of the group or organization it manages.
- Management is a Multi-disciplinary Subject : Though the management is a distinct discipline, it contains principles taken from many social science like anthropology, psychology, sociology, etc. So, it is a multi-disciplinary subject.
- Management is Achieving Result through Others : The management cannot do every thing themselves. They must have the necessary ability and skill to get work accomplished through the effort of others.
- Management is Universal : Management is essential for effective performance of any organized activity. Thus, it is universal in nature. The principle and techniques of management have universal applications. They can be applied to all types of organizations.
- Management is Intangible : The management has been called the unseen force, its presence is evidenced by the result of its efforts orderliness, informed employees, buoyant spirit and adequate work output. Thus feeling of management is result oriented. One may not see with naked eyes the functioning of management. But its results are apparently known. People often comment on the effectiveness of the management on the basis of the end result though they are incapable of observing it during operation.
- Management is both a Science and an Art : Management has an organized body of knowledge consisting of the well-defined concept, principle and techniques which have wide applications. So it is a science.
The applications of these concept, principles and techniques requires specialized knowledge and skill on the part of the manager. Since, the skill acquired by a management are his personal possession, management is viewed as an arts.
Difference Between Management and Administration
| Basis of Difference | Management |
Administration |
| 1. Meaning | Management means getting the work done through and with others. | Administration is concerned with the formulation of objectives, plans, policies of the organization.
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| 2. Nature | Management refer to execution of decisions. It is a doing function. | Administration relates to decision
making. It is a thinking function.
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| 3. Type of Work | It is concerned with implementation of policies. | It is concerned with determination of major objectives and policies.
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| 4. Leading of Human Effort | It is actively concerned with direction of human efforts. | It is not directly concerned with direction of operative personnel.
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| 5. Authority | Management has operational authority.
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Administration has authority to take strategic and policy decision. |
| 6. Status or Level | Management is relevant at lower level of management.
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Administration refers to higher levels of management. |
| 7. Decision Making | Management decides who shall implement the administration decision.
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Administration determines what is to be done and when it is to be done. |
| 8. Influence | Administration decisions are influenced by public opinion, social forces, government policies etc.
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Management decision are affected mainly by organizational values, policies and beliefs to managers.
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