Nature and Features of Leadership Organisation Behaviour Notes
Nature and Features of Leadership Organisation Behaviour Notes :-
Leadership An Introduction
Leadership an important element of the directing function of management. Whenever there is an organization group of people working towards a common goal, some type of leadership becomes essential. It is a psychological process of influencing followers or subordinates and providing guidance to them. It is always related to a situation which means a leader may be effective in one situation while ineffective in another. To be effective, a leader should change his leadership style depending upon the requirement of the situation. Leadership is an essential ingredient for successful organization. The successful organization has one major attribute that sets it apart from unsuccessful organization is dynamic and effective leadership. Pattern is followed. This makes managers essential to understand and identify the various styles available. Leadership is the ability to build up confidence and zeal to create an urge in them to be led. To be a successful leader, a manager must possess the qualities of foresight, drive, initiative, self-confidence and personal; integrity. Different situations may demand different types of leadership.
Nature and Features of Leadership
- It is a process of Influence. The basic purpose of leadership is to influence the behaviour attitude and beliefs of his followers or subordinates.
- It involves interaction between the leader and the followers.
- It implies pursuit of common goals in the interest of individuals as well as the group as a whole.
- Leadership is related to a situation. When we talk of leadership, it is always related to a particular situation, at a given point of time and under a specific set of circumstances.
- It exists only with followers. If there are no followers, there is no leadership.
Leadership Style In Indian Organization
Indian leadership are more directives and hierachial than their Western counter parts, and less concerned about appearing open to the input of others and building consensus. Indian leaders are ranked as more strategic, demonstrating a tendency to make longer term, holistic and analytical view of their businesses. Indian leaders show significantly lower level of ambiguity tolerance, empathy, energy and confidence as compared to western “Best in Class” leaders. This indicates that they may be less comfortable with uncertainty. Perhaps less sensitive to the feeling of others and they may be even less willing to take risks.
There is no uniformity in the attitude, personality and educational background of Indian organizations. We find just literate to managers with fully qualified professional managers.
It has been found that authorization leadership is preferred by employees in Indian organizations. This style of leadership is characterized by strong task orientation and high personal involvement and effort by leader.
But, with the changing composition workforce, a different leadership style is required to better utilize the skill and expertise of younger generation. Younger generation is more educated, ambitious, therefore consideration, would appear more appropriate for today’s Indian organization.
There are contain other changes at workplace like unionism, professionalization of managers, rapid industrial growth and technological changes that demands for more participation. Therefore, more towards participation has already started in many companies of india. But, it has to be emphasized that one particulars style of leadership is not suitable in all kind of situations. Leadership style is also based on workculture. Therefore, the workculture has to be changed as per the participative style because authoritarian leadership style is unlikely to succeed in future.
Transactional leadership
Transactional relationship involves exchange relationship between the leader and the followers. Traditional theory of leadership, Ohio State studies. Fiedler’s model and path-goal theory are all transactional in nature. Thus, whereas transactional leadership involves an exchange relationship between the leaders and followers. Transformational leadership is a prescription in mediocrity, whereas transformational leadership leads to superior performance in organizations facing demands fro renewal and change.
Transactional leadership is receiving more attention these days because of the dramatic changes many organizations are going through and the critical importance of transformational leaders in transformaing or changing organizations successfully. Empirical research has shown positive relationships between transformational leadership and organizational performance.
Leadership Vs Management
It can be observed that leadership and management are related but they are not the same. A person can be effective manager, leader, both, or neither. ‘Management’ is the term used to represent planning, organization, staffing, directing and controlling the organisaitonal operations to realize certain goals. But leadership is a process of influence which means the ability to affect the perceptions, attitudes or behaviour of others. It is a part of management, but not all of it. A manager is required to plan and organize, for example, but all we ask of a leader is that he gets others follow him. Leadership differs from management in terms of the emphasis that is put on four activities-creating an agenda developing a human network for achieving the agenda, executing plans, and outcomes of activities. While leadership emphasizes changes in these activities, management believes in status quo.
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